Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Genealogy of the Pele Family, sentence 61
In Samoa one of the fire-gods, according to some authorities, was Fe-e, a name almost the same as Pele, yet nearly all the Samoan legends describe Fe-e as a cuttlefish possessing divine power, and at enmity with fire.
Who acts: Samoan legends, cuttlefish · What happens: accord, be, describe, possess · To what, where: Fe e, Samoa, divine power
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Genealogy of the Pele Family. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samoan legends, cuttlefish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 Samoa | case |
| 2 | Samoa | Samoa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 e | obl |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 Samoa | flat |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 gods | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 gods | det |
| 6 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gods | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 fire | punct |
| 8 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 one | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Samoa | punct |
| 10 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 authorities | case |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 according | fixed |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 authorities | det |
| 13 | authorities | authority | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Samoa | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Samoa | punct |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 e | cop |
| 16 | Fe | Fe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 e | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 e | punct |
| 18 | e | e | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 name | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 name | det |
| 21 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 e | conj |
| 22 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 24 same | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 same | det |
| 24 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 name | amod |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 Pele | case |
| 26 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 same | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 describe | punct |
| 28 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 34 describe | cc |
| 29 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 30 all | advmod |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 legends | det:predet |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 legends | det |
| 32 | Samoan | samoan | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 legends | amod |
| 33 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 describe | nsubj |
| 34 | describe | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 e | parataxis |
| 35 | Fe | Fe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 e | compound |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 e | punct |
| 37 | e | e | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 describe | obj |
| 38 | as | as | ADP | _ | 40 cuttlefish | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 cuttlefish | det |
| 40 | cuttlefish | cuttlefish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 describe | obl |
| 41 | possessing | possess | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 40 cuttlefish | acl |
| 42 | divine | divine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 power | amod |
| 43 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 possessing | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 enmity | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 enmity | cc |
| 46 | at | at | ADP | _ | 47 enmity | case |
| 47 | enmity | enmity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 e | conj |
| 48 | with | with | ADP | _ | 49 fire | case |
| 49 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 enmity | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 e | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | Fe e and a name and enmity with fire | Samoa accord some authorities | a name conj; enmity with fire conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | describe | present | all Samoan legends | Fe e | as a cuttlefish | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent e=Theme as cuttlefish=Attribute | |||
| 4 | possess | gerund | a cuttlefish not said here | divine power | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot power=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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