Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 131
Then she chanted how the caves in the seacoast were opened and the guardians of the winds lifted their calabashes and let loose evil winds, angry and destructive, to sweep over the homes of the people and tear in pieces their fruit-trees and houses.
Who acts: wind, guardians · What happens: chant, open, lift, let, sweep, tear · To what, where: caves, calabashes, loose evil winds, homes, pieces
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, guardians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 chanted | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chanted | nsubj |
| 3 | chanted | chant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 opened | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 caves | det |
| 6 | caves | cave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 opened | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 seacoast | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 seacoast | det |
| 9 | seacoast | seacoast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 caves | nmod |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 opened | aux:pass |
| 11 | opened | open | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 chanted | ccomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 lifted | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 guardians | det |
| 14 | guardians | guardian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lifted | nsubj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 winds | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 winds | det |
| 17 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 guardians | nmod |
| 18 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chanted | conj |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 calabashes | nmod:poss |
| 20 | calabashes | calabash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lifted | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 let | cc |
| 22 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 18 lifted | conj |
| 23 | loose | loose | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 winds | amod |
| 24 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 winds | amod |
| 25 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 let | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 angry | punct |
| 27 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 winds | amod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 destructive | cc |
| 29 | destructive | destructive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 angry | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 sweep | punct |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 sweep | mark |
| 32 | sweep | sweep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 let | advcl |
| 33 | over | over | ADP | _ | 35 homes | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 homes | det |
| 35 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 sweep | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 people | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 people | det |
| 38 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 homes | nmod |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 tear | cc |
| 40 | tear | tear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 sweep | conj |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 pieces | case |
| 42 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 tear | obl |
| 43 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 trees | nmod:poss |
| 44 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 trees | compound |
| 45 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 44 fruit | punct |
| 46 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 pieces | nmod |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 houses | cc |
| 48 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 trees | conj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chanted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chant | past | wind | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | open | past · passive | the caves in the seacoast | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | lift | past | the guardians of the winds | guardians's calabashes | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calabash=Theme | ||||
| 4 | let | infinitive | the guardians of the winds not said here | loose evil winds | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Theme | ||||
| 5 | sweep | to-infinitive | the guardians of the winds not said here | the homes of the people | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over home=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | tear | present | the guardians of the winds not said here | pieces guardians's fruit trees and houses | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in piece=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/14/131/