Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 135
When Pele ceased chanting, winds without number began to come near, scraping over the land.
Who acts: Pele, winds · What happens: cease, chant, begin, come, scrape · To what, where: land
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 ceased | advmod |
| 2 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ceased | nsubj |
| 3 | ceased | cease | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 began | advcl |
| 4 | chanting | chant | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 ceased | xcomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 ceased | punct |
| 6 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 began | nsubj |
| 7 | without | without | ADP | _ | 8 number | case |
| 8 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 winds | nmod |
| 9 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 come | mark |
| 11 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 began | xcomp |
| 12 | near | near | ADV | _ | 11 come | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 scraping | punct |
| 14 | scraping | scrape | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 come | advcl |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 land | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 land | det |
| 17 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 scraping | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cease | past | Pele | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | chant | gerund | Pele not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | begin | past | winds without number | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | come | to-infinitive | winds without number not said here | near property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | scrape | gerund | winds without number not said here | the land | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/14/135/