Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 183
Then she spoke of the winds with which she had danced that night—the guardians of Niihau and Kauai, a people listening to her call, under the ruler of all the winds, the great Lono, dwelling on the waters.
Who acts: Lohiau, people · What happens: speak, dance, listen, dwell, call · To what, where: ruler, waters · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lohiau, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 spoke | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 spoke | nsubj |
| 3 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 winds | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 winds | det |
| 6 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 spoke | obl |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 danced | obl |
| 9 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 danced | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 danced | aux |
| 11 | danced | dance | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 winds | acl:relcl |
| 12 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 night | det |
| 13 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 danced | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 guardians | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 guardians | det |
| 16 | guardians | guardian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 winds | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Niihau | case |
| 18 | Niihau | Niihau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 guardians | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 Kauai | cc |
| 20 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Niihau | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 people | punct |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 people | det |
| 23 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 guardians | appos |
| 24 | listening | listen | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 people | acl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 call | case |
| 26 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 call | nmod:poss |
| 27 | call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 listening | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 ruler | punct |
| 29 | under | under | ADP | _ | 31 ruler | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 ruler | det |
| 31 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 listening | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 winds | case |
| 33 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 winds | det:predet |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 winds | det |
| 35 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 ruler | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 Lono | punct |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Lono | det |
| 38 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 Lono | amod |
| 39 | Lono | Lono | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 winds | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 dwelling | punct |
| 41 | dwelling | dwell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 listening | conj |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 44 waters | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 waters | det |
| 44 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 dwelling | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | Lohiau | then | of the winds and the guardians of Niihau and Kauai | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | dance | past · perfect | Lohiau | night | with the winds and the guardians of Niihau and Kauai | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | listen | gerund | a people not said here | the ruler of all winds the great Lono | to Lohiau's call | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to call=Theme | |||
| 4 | dwell | gerund | a people not said here | the waters | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on water=Location | ||||
| 5 | call | Lohiau | nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/14/183/