Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele’s Long Sleep, sentence 193
Pele told them they must dance the hula of the lifted tabu, and asked them, one after the other, to dance, but they all refused until she came to Hiiaka, who had guarded her during her long sleep.
Who acts: Pele, tabu, Hiiaka · What happens: tell, dance, lift, ask, refuse, come · To what, where: sisters, hula, Hiiaka, tabu · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele’s Long Sleep. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, tabu, Hiiaka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | iobj |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 dance | nsubj |
| 5 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 dance | aux |
| 6 | dance | dance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 told | ccomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 hula | det |
| 8 | hula | hula | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dance | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 tabu | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 tabu | det |
| 11 | lifted | lift | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 tabu | amod |
| 12 | tabu | tabu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hula | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 asked | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 asked | cc |
| 15 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | parataxis |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 asked | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 one | punct |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 asked | ccomp |
| 19 | after | after | ADP | _ | 21 other | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 other | det |
| 21 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 one | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dance | punct |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 dance | mark |
| 24 | dance | dance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 asked | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 refused | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 refused | cc |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 refused | nsubj |
| 28 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 refused | advmod |
| 29 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | conj |
| 30 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 32 came | mark |
| 31 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 came | nsubj |
| 32 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 refused | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 Hiiaka | case |
| 34 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 came | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 guarded | punct |
| 36 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 guarded | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 guarded | aux |
| 38 | guarded | guard | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 Hiiaka | acl |
| 39 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 guarded | obj |
| 40 | during | during | ADP | _ | 43 sleep | case |
| 41 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 sleep | nmod:poss |
| 42 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 sleep | amod |
| 43 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 guarded | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Pele | sisters = sister | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | dance | must | Pele | the hula of the lifted tabu | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hula=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lift | participle | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | sisters = sister | one after the other ccomp | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | dance | to-infinitive | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | refuse | past | Pele | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | come | past | tabu | Hiiaka | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to hiiaka=Initial_Location | ||||
| 8 | guard | past · perfect | Hiiaka | tabu | during tabu's long sleep | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary | |||
| 9 | sleep | tabu | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/14/193/