Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 63

At last she saw the smoke, which had clouded the forests along the way to the home of her friend, grow darker and blacker and then change into the orange hues of outbreaking fire.

Who acts: Hiiaka, orange hues · What happens: see, cloud, grow, change, outbreak · To what, where: smoke, last, orange hues, fire

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, orange hues), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	2 last	case
2	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 saw	obl
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 saw	nsubj
4	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 smoke	det
6	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 saw	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 clouded	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 clouded	nsubj:pass
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 clouded	aux
10	clouded	cloud	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 smoke	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 forests	det
12	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 clouded	obj
13	along	along	ADP	_	15 way	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 way	det
15	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 clouded	obl
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 home	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 home	det
18	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 way	nmod
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 friend	case
20	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 friend	nmod:poss
21	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 home	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 grow	punct
23	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin	4 saw	conj
24	darker	dark	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 grow	xcomp
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 blacker	cc
26	blacker	black	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	24 darker	conj
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 change	cc
28	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	29 change	advmod
29	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 darker	conj
30	into	into	ADP	_	33 hues	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 hues	det
32	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 hues	amod
33	hues	hue	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 change	obl
34	of	of	SCONJ	_	35 outbreaking	mark
35	outbreaking	outbreak	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 hues	acl
36	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 outbreaking	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	Hiiaka	the smoke	last			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer smoke=Stimulus
2	cloud	past · perfect · passive		the smoke			along the way to the home of Hiiaka's friend; the forests obj	tree rules
3	grow	present	Hiiaka not said here				dark property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	change	infinitive	Hiiaka not said here			then	into the orange hues result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into hue=Result
5	outbreak	gerund	the orange hues not said here	fire				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/15/63/

🌲 Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 63

The tree

Pragmatics

Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 63