Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 18
Kupuas were gnomes or elves of supernatural power, able to appear in some nature-form as well as like a human being.
What happens: be, appear · To what, where: Kupuas gnomes, nature form
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kupuas | Kupuas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 gnomes | compound |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gnomes | cop |
| 3 | gnomes | gnome | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 elves | cc |
| 5 | elves | elf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 gnomes | conj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 power | case |
| 7 | supernatural | supernatural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 power | amod |
| 8 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 elves | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 able | punct |
| 10 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 gnomes | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 appear | mark |
| 12 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 able | xcomp |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 form | case |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 form | det |
| 15 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 form | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 nature | punct |
| 17 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 appear | obl |
| 18 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 23 human | cc |
| 19 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 as | fixed |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 as | fixed |
| 21 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 23 human | mark |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 human | det |
| 23 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 appear | conj |
| 24 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 human | advcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gnomes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Kupuas gnomes or elves of supernatural power | elves of supernatural power conj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | tree rules | |||||||
| 3 | appear | to-infinitive | some nature form | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in form=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/18/