Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 27
Some he permitted to pass, but for others he made much trouble, bringing fog and rain and wind until the road was lost to them.
Who acts: Some, man · What happens: permit, pass, make, bring, lose · To what, where: much trouble, fog, road
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 permitted | nsubj |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 permitted | nsubj |
| 3 | permitted | permit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 permitted | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 made | cc |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 others | case |
| 9 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 made | obl |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 made | nsubj |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 permitted | conj |
| 12 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 trouble | amod |
| 13 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bringing | punct |
| 15 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 made | advcl |
| 16 | fog | fog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 bringing | obj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 rain | cc |
| 18 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fog | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 wind | cc |
| 20 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fog | conj |
| 21 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 25 lost | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 road | det |
| 23 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 lost | aux:pass |
| 25 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 bringing | advcl |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 them | case |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 lost | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 permitted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | permit | past | Some | man nsubj | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | pass not said to happen | to-infinitive | Some not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | make | past | man | much trouble | for others | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent trouble=Product for other=Asset | |||
| 4 | bring | gerund | man not said here | fog and rain and wind | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent fog=Theme | ||||
| 5 | lose | past · passive | the road | fog | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/27/