Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 47
The old Hawaiians said that Pana-ewa had many bodies.
Who acts: old Hawaiians, Pana ewa · What happens: say, have · To what, where: many bodies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old Hawaiians, Pana ewa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Hawaiians | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Hawaiians | amod |
| 3 | Hawaiians | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 had | mark |
| 6 | Pana | Pana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 ewa | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Pana | punct |
| 8 | ewa | ewa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 had | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 10 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 bodies | amod |
| 11 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 had | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the old Hawaiians | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | have | past | Pana ewa | many bodies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/47/