Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 63
“Night is at Pana-ewa and bitter is the storm; The branches of the trees are bent down; Rattling are the flowers and leaves of the lehua; Angrily growls the god Pana-ewa, Stirred up inside by his wrath.
Who acts: Night, Rattling, god · What happens: be, bend down, growl, ewa, stir up · To what, where: Pana ewa, bitter storm, branches, flowers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Night, Rattling, god), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 ewa | punct |
| 2 | Night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ewa | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 ewa | cop |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 ewa | case |
| 5 | Pana | Pana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 ewa | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 Pana | punct |
| 7 | ewa | ewa | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 storm | cc |
| 9 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 storm | amod |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 storm | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 storm | det |
| 12 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ewa | conj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 bent | punct |
| 14 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 branches | det |
| 15 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 bent | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 trees | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 trees | det |
| 18 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 branches | nmod |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 bent | aux:pass |
| 20 | bent | bend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 ewa | conj |
| 21 | down | down | ADP | _ | 20 bent | compound:prt |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 flowers | punct |
| 23 | Rattling | Rattling | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 flowers | nsubj |
| 24 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 flowers | cop |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 flowers | det |
| 26 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 ewa | parataxis |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 leaves | cc |
| 28 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 flowers | conj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 lehua | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 lehua | det |
| 31 | lehua | lehua | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 leaves | nmod |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 growls | punct |
| 33 | Angrily | angrily | ADV | _ | 34 growls | advmod |
| 34 | growls | growl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 ewa | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 god | det |
| 36 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 ewa | nsubj |
| 37 | Pana | Pana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 ewa | compound |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 Pana | punct |
| 39 | ewa | ewa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 growls | ccomp |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Stirred | punct |
| 41 | Stirred | stir | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 ewa | acl |
| 42 | up | up | ADP | _ | 41 Stirred | compound:prt |
| 43 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 41 Stirred | advmod |
| 44 | by | by | ADP | _ | 46 wrath | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 wrath | nmod:poss |
| 46 | wrath | wrath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Stirred | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 ewa | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | Night | Pana ewa and the bitter storm | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Night not said here | the bitter storm | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | bend down in a quote | present · passive | the branches of the trees | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: subject=Material | |||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | Rattling | the flowers and leaves of the lehua | leaves of the lehua conj | tree rules | |||
| 5 | growl in a quote | present | Night not said here | angrily property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | ewa in a quote | the god | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | stir up in a quote | participle | Pana ewa not said here | by Rattling's wrath; inside property | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/63/