Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 83
Lightning storms were hurled against Pana-ewa, flashing and cutting and eating all the gods of the forest.
What happens: hurl, flash, cut, eat · To what, where: Lightning storms, Pana ewa, gods
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 storms | compound |
| 2 | storms | storm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hurled | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hurled | aux:pass |
| 4 | hurled | hurl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | against | against | ADP | _ | 8 ewa | case |
| 6 | Pana | Pana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 ewa | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Pana | punct |
| 8 | ewa | ewa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hurled | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 flashing | punct |
| 10 | flashing | flash | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 hurled | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 cutting | cc |
| 12 | cutting | cut | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 flashing | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 eating | cc |
| 14 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 flashing | conj |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 gods | det:predet |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 gods | det |
| 17 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 eating | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 forest | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 forest | det |
| 20 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gods | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hurled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurl | past · passive | Lightning storms | Pana ewa | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme against ewa=Destination | ||||
| 2 | flash | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | cut | gerund | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | eat | gerund | all gods of the forest | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/83/