Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka Catching a Ghost, sentence 66
By the time this chant was ended Hiiaka had forced the ghost up to the hips.
Who acts: chant · What happens: be, force up · To what, where: Hiiaka
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka Catching a Ghost. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ended | obl |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 chant | det |
| 5 | chant | chant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ended | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 ended | cop |
| 7 | ended | ended | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 forced | aux |
| 10 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 ended | acl:relcl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 ghost | det |
| 12 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 forced | obj |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 forced | compound:prt |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 hips | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 hips | det |
| 16 | hips | hip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 forced | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 ended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | this chant | time | ended property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | force up | past · perfect · passive | Hiiaka | to the hips; the ghost obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/18/66/