Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 1
Hiiaka remembered that there were two dragons in the river Wailuku, a river of swift cascades and beautiful waterfalls near Hilo, so she turned back filled with the wish to destroy them and free the people from that danger.
Who acts: Hiiaka, two dragons · What happens: remember, be, turn back, fill, destroy · To what, where: dragons, danger
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, two dragons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 remembered | nsubj |
| 2 | remembered | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 5 were | mark |
| 4 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 were | expl |
| 5 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 remembered | ccomp |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 dragons | nummod |
| 7 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 were | nsubj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 Wailuku | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Wailuku | det |
| 10 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Wailuku | compound |
| 11 | Wailuku | Wailuku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 dragons | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 river | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 river | det |
| 14 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Wailuku | appos |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 cascades | case |
| 16 | swift | swift | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 cascades | amod |
| 17 | cascades | cascade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 river | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 waterfalls | cc |
| 19 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 waterfalls | amod |
| 20 | waterfalls | waterfall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 cascades | conj |
| 21 | near | near | ADP | _ | 22 Hilo | case |
| 22 | Hilo | Hilo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 waterfalls | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 turned | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 turned | advmod |
| 25 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 turned | nsubj |
| 26 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 remembered | conj |
| 27 | back | back | ADV | _ | 28 filled | advmod |
| 28 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 turned | ccomp |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 wish | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 wish | det |
| 31 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 filled | obl |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 destroy | mark |
| 33 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 filled | advcl |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 destroy | obj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 people | cc |
| 36 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 people | amod |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 people | det |
| 38 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 them | conj |
| 39 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 danger | case |
| 40 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 danger | det |
| 41 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 destroy | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 remembered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remember | past | Hiiaka | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | be | past | two dragons in the river Wailuku | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn back | past | Hiiaka | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | fill | participle | Hiiaka not said here | with the wish | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with wish=Instrument | ||||
| 5 | destroy | to-infinitive | Hiiaka not said here | dragons = dragon | that danger | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/20/1/