Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pili and Noho, sentence 218
Hiiaka could not see the pit as clearly as Lohiau, so she asked if Pele’s fires were coming.
Who acts: Hiiaka, fires, Pele · What happens: not see, ask, come, fire · To what, where: pit
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pili and Noho. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, fires, Pele), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 see | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 see | advmod |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 pit | det |
| 6 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 see | obj |
| 7 | as | as | ADV | _ | 8 clearly | advmod |
| 8 | clearly | clearly | ADV | _ | 4 see | advmod |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 Lohiau | case |
| 10 | Lohiau | Lohiau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 clearly | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 asked | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 asked | advmod |
| 13 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 asked | nsubj |
| 14 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | advcl |
| 15 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 20 coming | mark |
| 16 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 fires | nmod:poss |
| 17 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 16 Pele | case |
| 18 | fires | fire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 coming | nsubj |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 coming | aux |
| 20 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 asked | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | could | Hiiaka | the pit | clearly property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pit=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | Hiiaka | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | come a condition, not said to happen | past · progressive | Pele's fires | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | fire | Pele | nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/20/218/