Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 57
Keoua’s prophets ascribed this blow from the gods to their high chief’s dislike of Hilo and gift to sub-chiefs of the fish-ponds, which were considered the favorite food-producers for offerings to Hiiaka, the youngest member of the Pele family.
Who acts: prophets, high chief · What happens: ascribe, consider, dislike · To what, where: blow, fish ponds, prophets, Hilo
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prophets, high chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keoua | Keoua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 prophets | nmod:poss |
| 2 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 1 Keoua | case |
| 3 | prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | ascribed | ascribe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 prophets | acl |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 blow | det |
| 6 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ascribed | obj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 gods | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 gods | det |
| 9 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ascribed | obl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 dislike | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 chief | nmod:poss |
| 12 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 chief | amod |
| 13 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dislike | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 chief | case |
| 15 | dislike | dislike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ascribed | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Hilo | case |
| 17 | Hilo | Hilo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 dislike | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 gift | cc |
| 19 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dislike | conj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 sub-chiefs | case |
| 21 | sub-chiefs | sub-chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 gift | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 ponds | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 ponds | det |
| 24 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ponds | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 fish | punct |
| 26 | ponds | pond | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 sub-chiefs | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 considered | punct |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 considered | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 considered | aux:pass |
| 30 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 ponds | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 producers | det |
| 32 | favorite | favorite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 producers | amod |
| 33 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 producers | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 food | punct |
| 35 | producers | producer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 considered | xcomp |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 offerings | case |
| 37 | offerings | offering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 considered | obl |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 Hiiaka | case |
| 39 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 offerings | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 member | punct |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 member | det |
| 42 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 43 member | amod |
| 43 | member | member | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ponds | conj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 family | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 family | det |
| 46 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 family | compound |
| 47 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 member | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 prophets | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascribe | participle | Keoua's prophets not said here | this blow | from the gods; to god's high chief's dislike of Hilo and gift to sub-chiefs of the fish ponds and the youngest member of the Pele family | tree rules | |||
| 2 | consider | past · passive | the fish ponds and the youngest member of the Pele family | for offerings to Hiiaka; the favorite food producers xcomp | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | dislike | god's high chief | Hilo | nom dislike «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/57/