Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds, sentence 13
When the lava struck the waves, the surface and sides were hardened, but the red molten mass inside rolled on into the sea.
Who acts: lava, red molten mass · What happens: strike, harden, roll on · To what, where: waves, surface, sea
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava, red molten mass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 struck | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lava | det |
| 3 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 struck | nsubj |
| 4 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 hardened | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 waves | det |
| 6 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 struck | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 struck | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 surface | det |
| 9 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hardened | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sides | cc |
| 11 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 surface | conj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 hardened | aux:pass |
| 13 | hardened | harden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 rolled | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 rolled | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 mass | det |
| 17 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 mass | amod |
| 18 | molten | molten | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 mass | amod |
| 19 | mass | mass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 rolled | nsubj |
| 20 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 21 rolled | advmod |
| 21 | rolled | roll | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 hardened | conj |
| 22 | on | on | ADV | _ | 21 rolled | advmod |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 25 sea | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sea | det |
| 25 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 rolled | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 hardened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | past | the lava | the waves | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Patient | ||||
| 2 | harden | past · passive | the surface and sides | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | roll on | past | the red molten mass | the sea | inside property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into sea=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/22/13/