Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds, sentence 51
There they saw the lava like a river of fire flowing toward the west, going straight down to the sea with leaping flames and uplifting fountains of smoke.
Who acts: prophets, fire · What happens: see, flow, go · To what, where: lava
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Destruction of Kamehameha’s Fish-ponds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prophets, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 saw | expl |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 lava | det |
| 5 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 saw | obj |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 river | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 river | det |
| 8 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 saw | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 fire | case |
| 10 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 river | nmod |
| 11 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 fire | acl |
| 12 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 14 west | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 west | det |
| 14 | west | west | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 flowing | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 going | punct |
| 16 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 saw | conj |
| 17 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 18 down | advmod |
| 18 | down | down | ADV | _ | 16 going | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 sea | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sea | det |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 down | obl |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 flames | case |
| 23 | leaping | leaping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 flames | compound |
| 24 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 going | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 fountains | cc |
| 26 | uplifting | uplifting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 fountains | compound |
| 27 | fountains | fountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 flames | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 smoke | case |
| 29 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 fountains | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | prophets = prophet | the lava | there | like a river of fire | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lava=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | flow | gerund | fire not said here | toward the west | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | gerund | prophets = prophet not said here | with leaping flames and uplifting fountains of smoke; down property | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with flame=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/22/51/