Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Kapiolani and Pele, sentence 24
A chief of low rank who had been a royal messenger under Kamehameha, and who was making the journey with the missionaries, interrupted the woman, saying: “Then it is true, you are Pele, and have destroyed the land, killed the people, and have spoiled the fishing-grounds.
Who acts: low rank, chief, you · What happens: be, make, interrupt, say, destroy, kill · To what, where: royal messenger, Kamehameha, journey, woman, Pele, land · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Kapiolani and Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (low rank, chief, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 chief | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 interrupted | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 rank | case |
| 4 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 rank | amod |
| 5 | rank | rank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chief | nmod |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 messenger | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 messenger | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 messenger | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 messenger | det |
| 10 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 messenger | amod |
| 11 | messenger | messenger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 rank | acl:relcl |
| 12 | under | under | ADP | _ | 13 Kamehameha | case |
| 13 | Kamehameha | Kamehameha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 messenger | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 making | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 making | cc |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 making | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 making | aux |
| 18 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 chief | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 journey | det |
| 20 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 making | obj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 missionaries | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 missionaries | det |
| 23 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 journey | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 chief | punct |
| 25 | interrupted | interrupt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 woman | det |
| 27 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 interrupted | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 saying | punct |
| 29 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 interrupted | advcl |
| 30 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 35 true | punct |
| 31 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 35 true | punct |
| 32 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 35 true | advmod |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 true | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 true | cop |
| 35 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 saying | ccomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 Pele | punct |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 Pele | nsubj |
| 38 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 Pele | cop |
| 39 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 true | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 destroyed | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 destroyed | cc |
| 42 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 destroyed | aux |
| 43 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 interrupted | parataxis |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 land | det |
| 45 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 destroyed | obj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 killed | punct |
| 47 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 interrupted | conj |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 people | det |
| 49 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 killed | obj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 spoiled | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 spoiled | cc |
| 52 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 53 spoiled | aux |
| 53 | spoiled | spoil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 interrupted | parataxis |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 grounds | det |
| 55 | fishing | fishing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 grounds | compound |
| 56 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 55 fishing | punct |
| 57 | grounds | grounds | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 53 spoiled | obj |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 interrupted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past · perfect | low rank | a royal messenger | Kamehameha | tree rules | |||
| 2 | make | past · progressive | a chief of low rank | the journey | with the missionaries | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent journey=Product | |||
| 3 | interrupt | past | a chief of low rank | the woman | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | gerund | a chief of low rank not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | chief | then | true property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | you | Pele | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | destroy in a quote | present · perfect | the land | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient | |||||
| 8 | kill in a quote | past | a chief of low rank not said here | the people | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | ||||
| 9 | spoil in a quote | present · perfect | the fishing grounds | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/24/