Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Kapiolani and Pele, sentence 72
So he went up through the tangled masses of sharp-edged lava, grass, strong-leaved ferns, and thick woods to meet the chiefess as she came to the crater.
Who acts: Goodrich, Mr. · What happens: go up, edge, meet, come · To what, where: thick woods, tangled masses, chiefess, crater
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Kapiolani and Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Goodrich, Mr.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 went | compound:prt |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 masses | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 masses | det |
| 7 | tangled | tangled | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 masses | amod |
| 8 | masses | mass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 went | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 lava | case |
| 10 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 lava | amod |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 sharp | punct |
| 12 | edged | edge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 lava | amod |
| 13 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 masses | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 grass | punct |
| 15 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lava | appos |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 ferns | punct |
| 17 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 ferns | amod |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 strong | punct |
| 19 | leaved | leaved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 ferns | amod |
| 20 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 masses | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 woods | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 woods | cc |
| 23 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 woods | amod |
| 24 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 went | obl |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 meet | mark |
| 26 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | advcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 chiefess | det |
| 28 | chiefess | chiefess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 meet | obj |
| 29 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 31 came | mark |
| 30 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 came | nsubj |
| 31 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | advcl |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 crater | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 crater | det |
| 34 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 came | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go up | past | Goodrich | thick woods | the tangled masses of sharp edged lava and strong leaved ferns | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||
| 2 | edge | participle | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | meet | to-infinitive | Goodrich not said here | the chiefess | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chiefess=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | come | past | Mr. | the crater | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to crater=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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