Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 12
The mountains of Maui, especially Hale-a-ka-la, are called active because of historic eruptions and signs of hidden fire.
What happens: call, sign · To what, where: mountains, hidden fire · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mountains | det |
| 2 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 called | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Maui | case |
| 4 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 mountains | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Hale | punct |
| 6 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 7 Hale | advmod |
| 7 | Hale | Hale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Maui | conj |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 la | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 la | det |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 a | punct |
| 11 | ka | ka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 la | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 ka | punct |
| 13 | la | la | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Hale | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 mountains | punct |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 called | aux:pass |
| 16 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | active | active | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 called | xcomp |
| 18 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 21 eruptions | case |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 because | fixed |
| 20 | historic | historic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 eruptions | amod |
| 21 | eruptions | eruption | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 called | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 signs | cc |
| 23 | signs | sign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 eruptions | conj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 fire | case |
| 25 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 fire | amod |
| 26 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 signs | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present · passive | the mountains of Maui and Hale | because historic eruptions and signs of hidden fire; active property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | sign | hidden fire | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/26/12/