Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 58
G. Perret came from his observatory by Vesuvius and Professor E. G. Shepherd from the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution at Washington, to study Kilauea, following the beginning of such observations already established by Professor Jaggar of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Who acts: G. · What happens: come, study, follow, establish, begin · To what, where: observatory, Kilauea, beginning, such observations
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (G.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | G. | G. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 2 | Perret | Perret | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 G. | flat |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 observatory | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 observatory | nmod:poss |
| 6 | observatory | observatory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 Vesuvius | case |
| 8 | Vesuvius | Vesuvius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 Professor | cc |
| 10 | Professor | Professor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Vesuvius | conj |
| 11 | E. | E. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Professor | flat |
| 12 | G. | G. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Professor | flat |
| 13 | Shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Vesuvius | appos |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 Laboratory | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Laboratory | det |
| 16 | Geophysical | Geophysical | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Laboratory | compound |
| 17 | Laboratory | Laboratory | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Shepherd | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Institution | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Institution | det |
| 20 | Carnegie | Carnegie | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Institution | compound |
| 21 | Institution | institution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 Laboratory | nmod |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 Washington | case |
| 23 | Washington | Washington | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Institution | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 study | punct |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 study | mark |
| 26 | study | study | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | parataxis |
| 27 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 study | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 following | punct |
| 29 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 study | advcl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 beginning | det |
| 31 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 following | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 observations | case |
| 33 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 observations | amod |
| 34 | observations | observation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 beginning | nmod |
| 35 | already | already | ADV | _ | 36 established | advmod |
| 36 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 observations | acl |
| 37 | by | by | ADP | _ | 39 Jaggar | case |
| 38 | Professor | Professor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Jaggar | nmod:desc |
| 39 | Jaggar | Jaggar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 established | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Institute | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Institute | det |
| 42 | Massachusetts | Massachusetts | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 Institute | compound |
| 43 | Institute | Institute | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Jaggar | nmod |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 Technology | case |
| 45 | Technology | Technology | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 Institute | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | G. | G.'s observatory | by Vesuvius and Professor | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from observatory=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | study | to-infinitive | Kilauea | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilauea=Topic | |||||
| 3 | follow | gerund | the beginning of such observations | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beginning=Theme | |||||
| 4 | establish | participle | such observations not said here | by Jaggar Professor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 5 | begin | such observations | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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