Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 63
Gases, steam, and smoke lift this floor and break through it with great violence, escaping from the melted lava in pillars of cloud against which the fires beneath mirror themselves in glorious displays of color.
Who acts: Gases · What happens: lift, break, escape, melt, display · To what, where: floor, melted lava, color
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gases), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gases | gas | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lift | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 steam | punct |
| 3 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Gases | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 smoke | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 smoke | cc |
| 6 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Gases | conj |
| 7 | lift | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 floor | det |
| 9 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lift | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 break | cc |
| 11 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 lift | conj |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 it | case |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 break | obl |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 violence | case |
| 15 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 violence | amod |
| 16 | violence | violence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 break | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 escaping | punct |
| 18 | escaping | escape | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 break | advcl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 lava | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 lava | det |
| 21 | melted | melt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 lava | amod |
| 22 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 escaping | obl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 pillars | case |
| 24 | pillars | pillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 escaping | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 cloud | case |
| 26 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pillars | nmod |
| 27 | against | against | ADP | _ | 28 which | case |
| 28 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 30 fires | det |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 fires | det |
| 30 | fires | fire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 cloud | nmod |
| 31 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 32 mirror | case |
| 32 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 fires | nmod |
| 33 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 30 fires | nmod:unmarked |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 displays | case |
| 35 | glorious | glorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 displays | amod |
| 36 | displays | display | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 fires | nmod |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 color | case |
| 38 | color | color | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 displays | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lift | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lift | present | Gases and steam and smoke | this floor | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Theme | ||||
| 2 | break | infinitive | Gases and steam and smoke not said here | floor | with great violence | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through it=Location | |||
| 3 | escape | gerund | Gases and steam and smoke not said here | the melted lava | in pillars of cloud which fires beneath mirror Gases in glorious displays of color | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from lava=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | melt | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | display | color | nom display «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/63/