Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 8
Thus the record went on from month to month and year to year: “Earthquake, motion up and down,” “Heavy shake, stone walls down, cream shaken off the milk,” “4 A.M., all the family aroused,” “Jar and a noise like distant cannon,” “Tremendous shock, brace ourselves to stand up,” “Kai-mimiki” (sea shaken by an earthquake), “All motions combined, earth like the sea.”
Who acts: record, cream, 4 A.M., Tremendous shock, Kai mimiki · What happens: go on, shake off, arouse, shock, brace, stand up · To what, where: Heavy shake, milk, ourselves, sea, motions · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (record, cream, 4 A.M., Tremendous shock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 record | det |
| 3 | record | record | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 month | case |
| 7 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 month | case |
| 9 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 year | cc |
| 11 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 month | conj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 year | case |
| 13 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 Earthquake | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 Earthquake | punct |
| 16 | Earthquake | earthquake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 motion | punct |
| 18 | motion | motion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Earthquake | conj |
| 19 | up | up | ADV | _ | 18 motion | advmod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 down | cc |
| 21 | down | down | ADV | _ | 19 up | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 shake | punct |
| 25 | Heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 shake | amod |
| 26 | shake | shake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 walls | punct |
| 28 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 walls | compound |
| 29 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 shake | conj |
| 30 | down | down | ADV | _ | 29 walls | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 cream | punct |
| 32 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 shake | conj |
| 33 | shaken | shake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 cream | acl |
| 34 | off | off | ADP | _ | 36 milk | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 milk | det |
| 36 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 shaken | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 38 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 39 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 aroused | punct |
| 40 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 A.M. | nummod |
| 41 | A.M. | a.m. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 aroused | nsubj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 A.M. | punct |
| 43 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 45 family | det:predet |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 family | det |
| 45 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 aroused | nsubj |
| 46 | aroused | arouse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 61 shock | nsubj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 aroused | punct |
| 48 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 aroused | punct |
| 49 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 50 Jar | punct |
| 50 | Jar | jar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 aroused | parataxis |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 noise | cc |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 noise | det |
| 53 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 Jar | conj |
| 54 | like | like | ADP | _ | 56 cannon | case |
| 55 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 cannon | amod |
| 56 | cannon | cannon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 noise | nmod |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 Jar | punct |
| 58 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 aroused | punct |
| 59 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 61 shock | punct |
| 60 | Tremendous | tremendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 shock | amod |
| 61 | shock | shock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | parataxis |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 63 brace | punct |
| 63 | brace | brace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 61 shock | acl |
| 64 | ourselves | ourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 63 brace | obj |
| 65 | to | to | PART | _ | 66 stand | mark |
| 66 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 63 brace | xcomp |
| 67 | up | up | ADP | _ | 66 stand | compound:prt |
| 68 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 shock | punct |
| 69 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 61 shock | punct |
| 70 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 73 mimiki | punct |
| 71 | Kai | Kai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 mimiki | compound |
| 72 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 73 mimiki | punct |
| 73 | mimiki | mimiki | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 shock | conj |
| 74 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 73 mimiki | punct |
| 75 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 76 sea | punct |
| 76 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 mimiki | appos |
| 77 | shaken | shake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 76 sea | acl |
| 78 | by | by | ADP | _ | 80 earthquake | case |
| 79 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 80 earthquake | det |
| 80 | earthquake | earthquake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 77 shaken | obl |
| 81 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 76 sea | punct |
| 82 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 86 combined | punct |
| 83 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 86 combined | punct |
| 84 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 85 motions | det |
| 85 | motions | motion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 86 combined | nsubj:pass |
| 86 | combined | combine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 73 mimiki | acl |
| 87 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 88 earth | punct |
| 88 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 shock | conj |
| 89 | like | like | ADP | _ | 91 sea | case |
| 90 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 91 sea | det |
| 91 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 88 earth | nmod |
| 92 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 61 shock | punct |
| 93 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 61 shock | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | past | the record | Heavy shake and stone walls and cream | month; year | Earthquake and motion parataxis; thus property | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||
| 2 | shake off in a quote | participle | cream not said here | the milk | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent milk=Patient | ||||
| 3 | arouse in a quote | past | 4 A.M. | all family nsubj; Jar and a noise like distant cannon parataxis | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | shock in a quote | Kai mimiki conj; earth like the sea conj | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | brace in a quote | infinitive | Tremendous shock and Kai mimiki and earth like the sea not said here | ourselves | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | stand up in a quote | to-infinitive | Tremendous shock and Kai mimiki and earth like the sea not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | shake | participle | sea not said here | by a earthquake | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by earthquake=Location | ||||
| 8 | combine in a quote | participle · passive | Kai mimiki not said here | all motions | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/8/