Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 26
In innumerable spots any cool morning welcomes rising clouds of steam and in the western part is the Lua-Pele, a pit filled with living fire.
Who acts: cool morning welcomes · What happens: rise, be, fill, cloud · To what, where: clouds, Lua Pele, pit, innumerable spots, steam
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cool morning welcomes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 spots | case |
| 2 | innumerable | innumerable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 spots | amod |
| 3 | spots | spot | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 welcomes | det |
| 5 | cool | cool | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 welcomes | amod |
| 6 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 welcomes | compound |
| 7 | welcomes | welcome | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 Pele | nsubj |
| 8 | rising | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 welcomes | acl |
| 9 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 rising | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 steam | case |
| 11 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 clouds | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 part | cc |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 part | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 part | det |
| 15 | western | western | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 part | amod |
| 16 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 steam | conj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 Pele | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Pele | det |
| 19 | Lua | Lua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Pele | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 Pele | punct |
| 21 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 spots | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 pit | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 pit | det |
| 24 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Pele | appos |
| 25 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 pit | acl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 fire | case |
| 27 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 fire | amod |
| 28 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 filled | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 Pele | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | gerund | any cool morning welcomes not said here | clouds of steam and the western part | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloud=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | any cool morning welcomes | the Lua Pele | a pit appos | tree rules | |||
| 3 | fill | participle | a pit not said here | with living fire | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fire=Instrument | ||||
| 5 | cloud | steam and the western part | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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