Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Foundation of the Observatory, sentence 4
The result of this activity that had the most direct bearing on the establishment of the volcano observatory was its influence on the trustees of the Whitney estates, who, on July 1, 1909, gave to the Institute the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) as a memorial of Edward and Caroline Rogers Whitney of Boston, for the conduct of research or teaching in geophysics to include investigations in seismology, conducted with a view to the protection of human life and property, present preference being that some investigations in geophysics be undertaken in Hawaii.
Who acts: activity, result, trustees, influence · What happens: have, be, estate, give, include, conduct · To what, where: direct bearing, establishment, influence, trustees, sum, Institute
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Foundation of the Observatory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (activity, result, trustees, influence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 result | det |
| 2 | result | result | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 influence | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 activity | case |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 activity | det |
| 5 | activity | activity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 result | nmod |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 had | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 activity | acl:relcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 bearing | det |
| 9 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 10 direct | advmod |
| 10 | direct | direct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 bearing | amod |
| 11 | bearing | bearing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 had | obj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 establishment | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 establishment | det |
| 14 | establishment | establishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 bearing | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 observatory | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 observatory | det |
| 17 | volcano | volcano | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 observatory | compound |
| 18 | observatory | observatory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 establishment | nmod |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 influence | cop |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 influence | nmod:poss |
| 21 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 trustees | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 trustees | det |
| 24 | trustees | trustee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 influence | nmod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Whitney | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Whitney | det |
| 27 | Whitney | Whitney | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 estates | obl |
| 28 | estates | estate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 trustees | acl:relcl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 1 | punct |
| 30 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 1 | nsubj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 1 | punct |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 1 | case |
| 33 | July | July | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 1 | nmod:unmarked |
| 34 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 trustees | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 1909 | punct |
| 36 | 1909 | 1909 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 1 | flat |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 gave | punct |
| 38 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 influence | acl:relcl |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 Institute | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Institute | det |
| 41 | Institute | Institute | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 gave | obl |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 sum | det |
| 43 | sum | sum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 gave | obj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 dollars | case |
| 45 | twenty | twenty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 47 five | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 twenty | punct |
| 47 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 48 thousand | compound |
| 48 | thousand | thousand | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 49 dollars | nummod |
| 49 | dollars | dollar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 sum | nmod |
| 50 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 51 $ | punct |
| 51 | $ | $ | SYM | _ | 49 dollars | appos |
| 52 | 25,000 | 25000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 51 $ | nummod |
| 53 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 51 $ | punct |
| 54 | as | as | ADP | _ | 56 memorial | case |
| 55 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 56 memorial | det |
| 56 | memorial | memorial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 gave | obl |
| 57 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 Edward | case |
| 58 | Edward | Edward | PROPN | Number=Sing | 56 memorial | nmod |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 Whitney | cc |
| 60 | Caroline | Caroline | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Whitney | compound |
| 61 | Rogers | Rogers | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Whitney | compound |
| 62 | Whitney | Whitney | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 Edward | conj |
| 63 | of | of | ADP | _ | 64 Boston | case |
| 64 | Boston | Boston | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Whitney | nmod |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 conduct | punct |
| 66 | for | for | ADP | _ | 68 conduct | case |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 conduct | det |
| 68 | conduct | conduct | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 gave | obl |
| 69 | of | of | ADP | _ | 70 research | case |
| 70 | research | research | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 conduct | nmod |
| 71 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 72 teaching | cc |
| 72 | teaching | teaching | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 research | conj |
| 73 | in | in | ADP | _ | 74 geophysics | case |
| 74 | geophysics | geophysics | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 teaching | nmod |
| 75 | to | to | PART | _ | 76 include | mark |
| 76 | include | include | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 gave | advcl |
| 77 | investigations | investigation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 76 include | obj |
| 78 | in | in | ADP | _ | 79 seismology | case |
| 79 | seismology | seismology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 include | obl |
| 80 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 81 conducted | punct |
| 81 | conducted | conduct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 79 seismology | acl |
| 82 | with | with | ADP | _ | 84 view | case |
| 83 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 84 view | det |
| 84 | view | view | NOUN | Number=Sing | 81 conducted | obl |
| 85 | to | to | ADP | _ | 87 protection | case |
| 86 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 87 protection | det |
| 87 | protection | protection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 view | nmod |
| 88 | of | of | ADP | _ | 90 life | case |
| 89 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 90 life | amod |
| 90 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 87 protection | nmod |
| 91 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 92 property | cc |
| 92 | property | property | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 view | conj |
| 93 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 95 preference | punct |
| 94 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 95 preference | amod |
| 95 | preference | preference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 view | conj |
| 96 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 103 undertaken | aux:pass |
| 97 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 103 undertaken | mark |
| 98 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 99 investigations | det |
| 99 | investigations | investigation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 103 undertaken | nsubj |
| 100 | in | in | ADP | _ | 101 geophysics | case |
| 101 | geophysics | geophysics | NOUN | Number=Sing | 99 investigations | nmod |
| 102 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 103 undertaken | aux:pass |
| 103 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 95 preference | acl:relcl |
| 104 | in | in | ADP | _ | 105 Hawaii | case |
| 105 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 103 undertaken | obl |
| 106 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 influence | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | this activity | the direct bearing | the establishment of the volcano observatory | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bearing=Patient | |||
| 2 | is a | past | the result of this activity | Observatory's influence | the trustees | Observatory nmod:poss | tree rules | ||
| 3 | estate | present | the trustees not said here | of the Whitney | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | give | past | Observatory's influence not said here | the sum of thousand dollars | the Institute | as a memorial of Edward and Caroline Rogers Whitney of Boston; for the conduct of research or teaching in geophysics | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent sum=Theme to institute=Recipient for conduct=Asset | ||
| 5 | include | to-infinitive | Observatory's influence not said here | investigations | in seismology goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent investigation=Theme in seismology=Goal | |||
| 6 | conduct | participle | seismology not said here | with a view to the protection of human life and property and present preference | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | undertake | gerund · passive | some investigations in geophysics | Hawaii | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | result | this activity | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 9 | establish | the volcano observatory | nom establishment «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 10 | sum | thousand dollars | nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 11 | conduct | research or teaching in geophysics | nom conduct «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 12 | protect | human life | nom protection «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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