Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Polynesian Language, sentence 9
For example there is no generic term for animal, expressing the whole class of living creatures or for insects or for colors.
What happens: be, express · To what, where: generic term, whole class
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Polynesian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 2 example | case |
| 2 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 term | obl |
| 3 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 4 is | expl |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 term | cop |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 term | det |
| 6 | generic | generic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 term | amod |
| 7 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 animal | case |
| 9 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 term | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 expressing | punct |
| 11 | expressing | express | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 term | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 class | det |
| 13 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 class | amod |
| 14 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 expressing | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 creatures | case |
| 16 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 creatures | amod |
| 17 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 class | nmod |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 insects | cc |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 insects | case |
| 20 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 creatures | conj |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 23 colors | cc |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 colors | case |
| 23 | colors | color | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 insects | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 term | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | no generic term | for example; for animal | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | express | gerund | the whole class of living creatures or insects or colors | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/31/9/