Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 114
When the natives first heard guns fired they said that the voice of the gun was “pu.”
Who acts: natives, voice · What happens: hear, fire, say, be · To what, where: guns, pu · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 fired | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 natives | det |
| 3 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 fired | nsubj |
| 4 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 heard | advmod |
| 5 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 natives | acl:relcl |
| 6 | guns | gun | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 heard | obj |
| 7 | fired | fire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | ccomp |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 pu | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 voice | det |
| 12 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 pu | nsubj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 gun | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 gun | det |
| 15 | gun | gun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 voice | nmod |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 pu | cop |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 pu | punct |
| 18 | pu | pu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | ccomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the natives not said here | guns | first property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer gun=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | fire | past | the natives | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | natives = native | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | past | the voice of the gun | pu | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/5/114/