Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 99
But over the side of the mountain known as Mauna Loa she saw the uhane, the spirit form of Pele in clouds of volcanic smoke tinged red from the flames of raging fire-pits below.
Who acts: mountain, flames · What happens: know, see, ting, rage, form · To what, where: mountain, uhane, side, clouds, fire pits, Pele
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountain, flames), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 saw | cc |
| 2 | over | over | ADP | _ | 4 side | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 side | det |
| 4 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 mountain | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 mountain | det |
| 7 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 side | nmod |
| 8 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 mountain | acl |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 Loa | case |
| 10 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Loa | compound |
| 11 | Loa | Loa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 known | obl |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 uhane | det |
| 15 | uhane | uhane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 form | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 form | det |
| 18 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 form | compound |
| 19 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 uhane | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Pele | case |
| 21 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 form | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 clouds | case |
| 23 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 tinged | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 smoke | case |
| 25 | volcanic | volcanic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 smoke | amod |
| 26 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 tinged | obl |
| 27 | tinged | ting | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 saw | conj |
| 28 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 tinged | xcomp |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 flames | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 flames | det |
| 31 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 tinged | obl |
| 32 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 33 raging | mark |
| 33 | raging | rage | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 flames | acl |
| 34 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 pits | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 fire | punct |
| 36 | pits | pit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 raging | obj |
| 37 | below | below | ADV | _ | 36 pits | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | participle | the mountain not said here | as Mauna Loa | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as loa=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | see | past | mountain | the uhane | the side of the mountain | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer uhane=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | ting | past | mountain not said here | clouds | of volcanic smoke; from the flames; red property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cloud=Location | |||
| 4 | rage | gerund | the flames not said here | fire pits | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location pit=Theme | ||||
| 5 | form | Pele | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/5/99/