Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Owl Ghost-god, sentence 1
Many, many years after Pele’s angry sister Na-maka-o-ka-hai had driven her from the island Kauai and after the land had many dwellers therein, a quarrel arose between two of the highest chiefs of the island.
Who acts: land, quarrel · What happens: drive, have, arise · To what, where: ka, island, many dwellers, two, Many many years
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Owl Ghost-god. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, quarrel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 years | amod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Many | punct |
| 3 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 years | amod |
| 4 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | after | after | ADP | _ | 9 sister | case |
| 6 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 sister | nmod:poss |
| 7 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 6 Pele | case |
| 8 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sister | amod |
| 9 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 years | nmod |
| 10 | Na | Na | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 sister | appos |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 maka | punct |
| 12 | maka | maka | X | Foreign=Yes | 10 Na | dep |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 driven | punct |
| 14 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 20 driven | mark |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 o | punct |
| 16 | ka | ka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 ka | punct |
| 18 | hai | Hai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 driven | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 driven | aux |
| 20 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 Na | acl |
| 21 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 driven | obj |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 island | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 island | det |
| 24 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 driven | obl |
| 25 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 island | appos |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 arose | cc |
| 27 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 30 had | mark |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 land | det |
| 29 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 had | nsubj |
| 30 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 arose | advcl |
| 31 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 dwellers | amod |
| 32 | dwellers | dweller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 had | obj |
| 33 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 30 had | advmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 arose | punct |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 quarrel | det |
| 36 | quarrel | quarrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 arose | nsubj |
| 37 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 island | conj |
| 38 | between | between | ADP | _ | 39 two | case |
| 39 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 arose | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 chiefs | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 chiefs | det |
| 42 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 43 chiefs | amod |
| 43 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 two | nmod |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 island | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 island | det |
| 46 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 chiefs | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 years | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | past · perfect · passive | ka | the island | hai nsubj | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme she=Destination | |||
| 2 | have | past | the land | many dwellers | therein property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dweller=Patient | |||
| 3 | arise | past | a quarrel | two of the highest chiefs of the island | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between two=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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