Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 77
The lava piled itself up around it, while at the command of Pele a new gush of lava rose up like a fresh crater and swallowed up all that was left.
Who acts: lava, new gush · What happens: pile up, rise up, swallow up, leave, command, gush · To what, where: lava, side, command, that, Pele · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava, new gush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lava | det |
| 2 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 piled | nsubj |
| 3 | piled | pile | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 piled | obj |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 piled | compound:prt |
| 6 | around | around | ADP | _ | 7 it | case |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 piled | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 rose | punct |
| 9 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 rose | mark |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 command | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 command | det |
| 12 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 rose | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Pele | case |
| 14 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 command | nmod |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 gush | det |
| 16 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 gush | amod |
| 17 | gush | gush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 rose | nsubj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 lava | case |
| 19 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gush | nmod |
| 20 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 piled | conj |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 rose | compound:prt |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 25 crater | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 crater | det |
| 24 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 crater | amod |
| 25 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 rose | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 swallowed | cc |
| 27 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 rose | conj |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 swallowed | compound:prt |
| 29 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 left | det:predet |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 left | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 left | aux:pass |
| 32 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 swallowed | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 piled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pile up | past | the lava | lava | side | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent itself=Theme around it=Destination | |||
| 2 | rise up | past | a new gush of lava | the command of Pele | like a fresh crater | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at command=Location | |||
| 3 | swallow up | participle | a new gush of lava not said here | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | leave | past · passive | that | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | command | Pele | nom command «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | gush | lava | nom gush «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/7/77/