Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 16
The natives call these “funeral mounds” and name them after the builders, although the persons themselves were seldom placed underneath in burial.
Who acts: natives, these · What happens: call, mound, name, place · To what, where: natives, persons, burial · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 natives | det |
| 2 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | nsubj |
| 3 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 mounds | nsubj |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 mounds | punct |
| 6 | funeral | funeral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 mounds | compound |
| 7 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 call | obj |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 mounds | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 name | cc |
| 10 | name | name | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 call | conj |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 name | obj |
| 12 | after | after | ADP | _ | 14 builders | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 builders | det |
| 14 | builders | builder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 name | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 placed | punct |
| 16 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 22 placed | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 persons | det |
| 18 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 18 persons | nmod |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 placed | aux:pass |
| 21 | seldom | seldom | ADV | _ | 22 placed | advmod |
| 22 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 call | conj |
| 23 | underneath | underneath | ADV | _ | 22 placed | advmod |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 burial | case |
| 25 | burial | burial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 placed | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 call | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | present | the natives | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | mound in a quote | these | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | name | infinitive | the natives not said here | natives = native | after the builders | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | place | past · passive | the persons persons | burial | seldom, underneath property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in burial=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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