Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 37
Papa-lau-ahi (The-fire-leaf-smothered-out) was a chief who at one time ruled the district of Puna.
Who acts: leaf, Papa lau ahi, chief · What happens: smother, out, be, rule · To what, where: chief, district
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leaf, Papa lau ahi, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Papa | Papa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 ahi | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Papa | punct |
| 3 | lau | lau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ahi | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 lau | punct |
| 5 | ahi | ahi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 chief | nsubj |
| 6 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 15 out | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 out | det |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 The | punct |
| 9 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 out | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 fire | punct |
| 11 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 out | nsubj |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 smothered | punct |
| 13 | smothered | smother | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 out | amod |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 out | punct |
| 15 | out | out | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ahi | appos |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 out | punct |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 chief | cop |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 chief | det |
| 19 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 ruled | nsubj |
| 21 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 time | case |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 time | nummod |
| 23 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 ruled | obl |
| 24 | ruled | rule | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 chief | acl:relcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 district | det |
| 26 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 ruled | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Puna | case |
| 28 | Puna | Puna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 district | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 chief | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smother | participle | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | out | leaf | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | is a | past | Papa lau ahi | a chief | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | rule | past | a chief | the district of Puna | time | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent district=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/37/