Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 49
Papa-lau-ahi fled from his antagonist, but she rode on her fiery surf waves, urging them on faster and faster until she swept him up in the flames of fire, destroying him and all his possessions.
Who acts: Papa lau ahi, flood, fire, AHI · What happens: flee, ride, urge, sweep up, destroy, wave · To what, where: antagonist, fiery surf waves, waves, AHI, flames
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Papa lau ahi, flood, fire, AHI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Papa | Papa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 ahi | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Papa | punct |
| 3 | lau | lau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ahi | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 lau | punct |
| 5 | ahi | ahi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fled | nsubj |
| 6 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 antagonist | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 antagonist | nmod:poss |
| 9 | antagonist | antagonist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fled | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 rode | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 rode | cc |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 rode | nsubj |
| 13 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 fled | conj |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 waves | case |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 waves | nmod:poss |
| 16 | fiery | fiery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 waves | amod |
| 17 | surf | surf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 waves | compound |
| 18 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rode | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 urging | punct |
| 20 | urging | urge | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 rode | conj |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 urging | obj |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 faster | case |
| 23 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 urging | advmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 faster | cc |
| 25 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 faster | conj |
| 26 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 28 swept | mark |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 swept | nsubj |
| 28 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 rode | advcl |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 swept | obj |
| 30 | up | up | ADP | _ | 28 swept | compound:prt |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 flames | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 flames | det |
| 33 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 swept | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 fire | case |
| 35 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 flames | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 destroying | punct |
| 37 | destroying | destroy | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 swept | advcl |
| 38 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 destroying | obj |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 possessions | cc |
| 40 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 possessions | det:predet |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 possessions | nmod:poss |
| 42 | possessions | possession | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 him | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 fled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flee | past | Papa lau ahi | AHI's antagonist | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from antagonist=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | ride | past | flood | flood's fiery surf waves | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | urge | gerund | flood not said here | waves = wave | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | sweep up | past | flood | AHI | the flames of fire | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent he=Theme in flame=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | destroy | gerund | flood not said here | AHI | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 6 | wave | flood | nom wave «event transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | flame | fire | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | possess | AHI | nom possession «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/49/