Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 78
There in the distance it lay under heavy clouds of smoke covering all the land.
Who acts: distance, smoke · What happens: lie, cover, cloud · To what, where: heavy clouds, land, smoke
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (distance, smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 lay | expl |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 distance | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 distance | det |
| 4 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lay | obl |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 lay | nsubj |
| 6 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 9 clouds | case |
| 8 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 clouds | amod |
| 9 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 lay | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 smoke | case |
| 11 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 clouds | nmod |
| 12 | covering | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 smoke | acl |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 land | det:predet |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 land | det |
| 15 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 covering | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | distance | heavy clouds of smoke; there | in the distance | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in distance=Location | |||
| 2 | cover | gerund | smoke not said here | all land | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme land=Destination | ||||
| 3 | cloud | smoke | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/78/