The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 243
On each side of the lodge was a little pool, and in each pool sat a goose, and every time they sang, the geese would shake their wings on the water, and it sounded just like drumming.
Who acts: pool, geese, it · What happens: be, sit, sing, shake, sound, drum · To what, where: little pool, side, goose, time, wings, water
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pool, geese, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 side | case |
| 2 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 side | det |
| 3 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pool | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 lodge | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lodge | det |
| 6 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 side | nmod |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 pool | cop |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 pool | det |
| 9 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 pool | amod |
| 10 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sat | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 sat | cc |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 pool | case |
| 14 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 pool | det |
| 15 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sat | nsubj |
| 16 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 pool | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 goose | det |
| 18 | goose | goose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sat | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 shake | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 shake | cc |
| 21 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 time | det |
| 22 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 shake | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 sang | nsubj |
| 24 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 time | acl:relcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 time | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 geese | det |
| 27 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 shake | nsubj |
| 28 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 shake | aux |
| 29 | shake | shake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 pool | parataxis |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 wings | nmod:poss |
| 31 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 shake | obj |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 water | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 water | det |
| 34 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 shake | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 sounded | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 sounded | cc |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 sounded | nsubj |
| 38 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 shake | conj |
| 39 | just | just | ADV | _ | 41 drumming | advmod |
| 40 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 41 drumming | mark |
| 41 | drumming | drum | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 sounded | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 pool | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | a little pool | each side of the lodge | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | sit | past | each pool | a goose | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location goose=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | past | geese = goose | every time not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location time=Theme | ||||
| 4 | shake | would | the geese | geese's wings | the water | time | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent wing=Theme on water=Trajectory | ||
| 5 | sound | past | it | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | drum | gerund | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/243/