The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 37
All at once the boy heard outside the cave the noise of a bear snorting and grunting.
Who acts: bear snorting · What happens: hear, noise · To what, where: boy
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear snorting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 boy | nsubj |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 boy | case |
| 3 | once | once | SCONJ | _ | 5 boy | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 boy | det |
| 5 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 boy | acl |
| 7 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 9 cave | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cave | det |
| 9 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | obl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 noise | det |
| 11 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cave | conj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 snorting | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 snorting | det |
| 14 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 snorting | compound |
| 15 | snorting | snorting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 noise | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 grunting | cc |
| 17 | grunting | grunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 snorting | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 boy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | participle | the boy not said here | outside the cave and the noise of a bear snorting and grunting | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | noise | a bear snorting and grunting | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/37/