The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 65
See these arrows, these guns, these leggings, these beads, and the medicine that men have brought, thinking to kill me; but I have killed them, and have taken these things, and keep them here.
Who acts: you · What happens: see, bring, think, kill, take, keep · To what, where: arrows, medicine, me, I, things
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | See | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 arrows | det |
| 3 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 See | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 guns | punct |
| 5 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 guns | det |
| 6 | guns | gun | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 See | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 leggings | punct |
| 8 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 9 leggings | det |
| 9 | leggings | legging | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 guns | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 beads | punct |
| 11 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 12 beads | det |
| 12 | beads | bead | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 guns | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 medicine | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 medicine | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 medicine | det |
| 16 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 guns | nmod |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 brought | aux |
| 20 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 medicine | acl:relcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 thinking | punct |
| 22 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 brought | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 kill | mark |
| 24 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 thinking | xcomp |
| 25 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 kill | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 killed | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 killed | cc |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 killed | aux |
| 30 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 See | parataxis |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 killed | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 taken | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 taken | cc |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 taken | aux |
| 35 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 killed | conj |
| 36 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 37 things | det |
| 37 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 taken | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 keep | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 keep | cc |
| 40 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 See | conj |
| 41 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 keep | obj |
| 42 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 keep | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 See | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | imperative | you not said here | this arrows | this guns the medicine and this leggings and this beads obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arrow=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | bring | present · perfect · passive | the medicine | men nsubj:pass | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | think speech: other | gerund | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | kill | to-infinitive | me | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | |||||
| 5 | kill | present · perfect · passive | I | beads = bead obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer they=Result | ||||
| 6 | take | present · perfect | this things | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme | |||||
| 7 | keep | infinitive | you not said here | things = thing | here | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/65/