The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 85
Then he put down the gun, and went to the she-bear and put his mouth on the wound, and breathed on it and snorted “whoof,” and sucked in his breath and took the bullet out, and went around the lodge, singing and making motions, and then he took hold of the she-bear and lifted her to her feet, and supported her, and pushed her around, and helped her, and at last she walked, and was well.
Who acts: boy, wife · What happens: put down, go, put, breathe, snort, suck · To what, where: gun, bear, mouth, wound, whoof, breath
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 put | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 put | nsubj |
| 3 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADP | _ | 3 put | compound:prt |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 gun | det |
| 6 | gun | gun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 put | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 went | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 went | cc |
| 9 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 bear | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 bear | det |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 bear | nsubj |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 bear | punct |
| 14 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 put | cc |
| 16 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | conj |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 18 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 put | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 wound | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 wound | det |
| 21 | wound | wound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 put | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 breathed | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 breathed | cc |
| 24 | breathed | breathe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 put | conj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 it | case |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 breathed | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 snorted | cc |
| 28 | snorted | snort | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 29 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 whoof | punct |
| 30 | whoof | whoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 snorted | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 whoof | punct |
| 32 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 whoof | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 sucked | cc |
| 34 | sucked | suck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 breath | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 breath | nmod:poss |
| 37 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sucked | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 took | cc |
| 39 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 bullet | det |
| 41 | bullet | bullet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 took | obj |
| 42 | out | out | ADP | _ | 39 took | compound:prt |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 went | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 went | cc |
| 45 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 46 | around | around | ADP | _ | 48 lodge | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 lodge | det |
| 48 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 went | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 singing | punct |
| 50 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 45 went | advcl |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 making | cc |
| 52 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 50 singing | conj |
| 53 | motions | motion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 making | obj |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 took | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 took | cc |
| 56 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 58 took | advmod |
| 57 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 took | nsubj |
| 58 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | parataxis |
| 59 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 took | obj |
| 60 | of | of | ADP | _ | 64 bear | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 bear | det |
| 62 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 bear | nsubj |
| 63 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 64 bear | punct |
| 64 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 hold | nmod |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 lifted | cc |
| 66 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 took | conj |
| 67 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 66 lifted | obj |
| 68 | to | to | ADP | _ | 70 feet | case |
| 69 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 feet | nmod:poss |
| 70 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 66 lifted | obl |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 supported | punct |
| 72 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 supported | cc |
| 73 | supported | support | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 74 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 73 supported | obj |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 77 pushed | punct |
| 76 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 77 pushed | cc |
| 77 | pushed | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 78 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 77 pushed | obj |
| 79 | around | around | ADV | _ | 77 pushed | advmod |
| 80 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 82 helped | punct |
| 81 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 82 helped | cc |
| 82 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 83 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 82 helped | obj |
| 84 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 89 walked | punct |
| 85 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 89 walked | cc |
| 86 | at | at | ADP | _ | 87 last | case |
| 87 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 89 walked | obl |
| 88 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 89 walked | nsubj |
| 89 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | conj |
| 90 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 93 well | punct |
| 91 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 93 well | cc |
| 92 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 93 well | cop |
| 93 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 89 walked | advmod |
| 94 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 put | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put down | past | boy | the gun | then | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent gun=Goal | |||
| 2 | go | past | boy not said here | the bear wife | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to bear=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | put | past | boy not said here | boy's mouth | the wound | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent mouth=Theme on wound=Destination | |||
| 4 | breathe | participle | boy not said here | wound | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Agent on it=Destination | ||||
| 5 | snort | past | boy not said here | whoof | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whoof=Patient | ||||
| 6 | suck | past | boy not said here | boy's breath | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | take out | past | boy not said here | the bullet | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bullet=Theme | ||||
| 8 | go | past | boy not said here | the lodge | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme around lodge=Initial_Location | ||||
| 9 | sing speech: express | gerund | boy not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 10 | make | gerund | boy not said here | motions | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset motion=Product | ||||
| 11 | take | past | boy | hold of the bear wife | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | |||
| 12 | lift | past | boy not said here | wife | wife's feet | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent she=Theme to foot=Destination | |||
| 13 | support | past | boy not said here | wife | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 14 | push around | past | boy not said here | wife | around property | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | |||
| 15 | help | past | boy not said here | wife | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary | ||||
| 16 | walk | past | wife | last | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at last=Trajectory | ||||
| 17 | is | past | well property | tree rules | |||||
| 18 | hold | the bear wife | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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