The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 101
“Now, my brother,” continued Sun Dog, “you have heard the commands of the Sun. You will soon find yourself on the butte you came from.
Who acts: brother, you · What happens: continue, hear, find, come, command · To what, where: Sun Dog, commands, yourself, butte, Sun. · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 continued | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 continued | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 brother | nmod:poss |
| 5 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 continued | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 brother | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 brother | punct |
| 8 | continued | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Dog | compound |
| 10 | Dog | Dog | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 continued | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 heard | nsubj |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 heard | aux |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 continued | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 commands | det |
| 17 | commands | command | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 heard | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Sun. | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Sun. | det |
| 20 | Sun. | Sunday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 commands | nmod |
| 21 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 find | nsubj |
| 22 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 find | aux |
| 23 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 find | advmod |
| 24 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 heard | ccomp |
| 25 | yourself | yourself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 24 find | obj |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 butte | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 butte | det |
| 28 | butte | butte | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 find | obl |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 came | nsubj |
| 30 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 butte | acl:relcl |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 came | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 continued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | continue | past | my brother | Sun Dog | now | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent dog=Theme | |||
| 2 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | you | the commands of the Sun. | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | find in a quote | future | You | yourself | the butte | soon property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Topic | ||
| 4 | come in a quote | past | you | the butte not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location butte=Theme | ||||
| 5 | command in a quote | the Sun. | nom command «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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