The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 2
Their lodges were arranged in a circle, enclosing a large open space.
What happens: arrange, enclose · To what, where: lodges, circle, large open space
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 lodges | nmod:poss |
| 2 | lodges | lodge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 arranged | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 arranged | aux:pass |
| 4 | arranged | arrange | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 circle | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 circle | det |
| 7 | circle | circle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 arranged | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 enclosing | punct |
| 9 | enclosing | enclose | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 arranged | advcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 space | det |
| 11 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 space | amod |
| 12 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 space | amod |
| 13 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 enclosing | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 arranged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrange | past · passive | Piegans's lodges | a circle | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in circle=Destination | ||||
| 2 | enclose | gerund | a large open space | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme space=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/2/