The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 26
At last he stood up and made a bed of the stones which he found on the side of the butte.
Who acts: person, stones · What happens: stand up, make, find · To what, where: last, bed, side
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person, stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 stood | nsubj |
| 4 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 stood | compound:prt |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 made | cc |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stood | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 bed | det |
| 9 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 stones | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 stones | det |
| 12 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bed | nmod |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 found | nsubj |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 found | nsubj |
| 15 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 stones | acl:relcl |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 side | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 side | det |
| 18 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 found | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 butte | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 butte | det |
| 21 | butte | butte | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 side | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand up | past | person | last | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at last=Location | ||||
| 2 | make | past | person not said here | a bed of the stones | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bed=Product | ||||
| 3 | find | past | the stones | the side of the butte | person nsubj | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/26/