The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 7
Many young men had asked to marry her, but she had refused them all.
Who acts: Many young men, chief · What happens: ask, marry, refuse · To what, where: Many young men, chief, men
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many young men, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 men | amod |
| 2 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 men | amod |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 asked | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 asked | aux |
| 5 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 marry | mark |
| 7 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 asked | xcomp |
| 8 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 marry | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 refused | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 refused | cc |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 refused | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 refused | aux |
| 13 | refused | refuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 asked | conj |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 refused | obj |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past · perfect · passive | Many young men | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | marry not said to happen | to-infinitive | Many young men not said here | chief | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 3 | refuse | past · perfect | chief | men = man | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/7/