The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 73
Again the Moon rubbed the medicine on Scarface, until she was sure that the two young men looked alike, and again she took them before the Sun and said, “O Sun, tell me now which is our son.”
Who acts: Moon, bade, two young men, Sun · What happens: rub, be, look, take, say, tell · To what, where: medicine, Scarface, men, Moon, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moon, bade, two young men, Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Again | again | ADV | _ | 4 rubbed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Moon | det |
| 3 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 rubbed | nsubj |
| 4 | rubbed | rub | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 medicine | det |
| 6 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rubbed | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 Scarface | case |
| 8 | Scarface | scarface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rubbed | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 sure | punct |
| 10 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 13 sure | mark |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 sure | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 sure | cop |
| 13 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 rubbed | conj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 looked | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 men | det |
| 16 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 men | nummod |
| 17 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 men | amod |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 looked | nsubj |
| 19 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 sure | advcl |
| 20 | alike | alike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 looked | xcomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 took | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 took | cc |
| 23 | again | again | ADV | _ | 25 took | advmod |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 took | nsubj |
| 25 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 rubbed | conj |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 took | obj |
| 27 | before | before | ADP | _ | 29 Sun | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Sun | det |
| 29 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 took | obl |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 said | cc |
| 31 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 rubbed | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 tell | punct |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 tell | punct |
| 34 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 35 Sun | discourse |
| 35 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 tell | nsubj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Sun | punct |
| 37 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 said | ccomp |
| 38 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 tell | iobj |
| 39 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 37 tell | advmod |
| 40 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 son | nsubj |
| 41 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 son | cop |
| 42 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 son | nmod:poss |
| 43 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 tell | ccomp |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 37 tell | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 tell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rub | past | the Moon | the medicine | Scarface | again | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme on scarface=Destination | ||
| 2 | is | past | bade | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | look | past | the two young men | alike property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | take | past | bade | men = man | before the Sun; again | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme before sun=Destination | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | the Moon not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert in a quote | infinitive | Sun | the Moon = moon | now | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | |||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | our son | which nsubj; our nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/73/