The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 79
They went on and on, when suddenly Sun Dog cried out, “This is the place where my brothers were killed!
Who acts: men, Sun, This · What happens: go, cry out, be, kill · To what, where: place, brothers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Sun, This), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADV | _ | 2 went | advmod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 on | cc |
| 5 | on | on | ADV | _ | 3 on | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 cried | punct |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 cried | advmod |
| 8 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 9 Sun | advmod |
| 9 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 cried | nsubj |
| 10 | Dog | Dog | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Sun | flat |
| 11 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 12 | out | out | ADP | _ | 11 cried | compound:prt |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 place | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 place | punct |
| 15 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 place | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 place | cop |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 place | det |
| 18 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cried | obl |
| 19 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 23 killed | advmod |
| 20 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 21 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 killed | aux:pass |
| 23 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 place | acl:relcl |
| 24 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | men = man | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | cry out speech: express | past | Sun | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | This | the place | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | kill in a quote | past · passive | my brothers | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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