The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 118
Sheets of ill-smelling smoke, mingled with blue flame, rolled in waves from his body.
What happens: smell, mingle, roll · To what, where: Sheets
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sheets | sheet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 mingled | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 smoke | case |
| 3 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 smoke | amod |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 ill | punct |
| 5 | smelling | smell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 smoke | amod |
| 6 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sheets | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 mingled | punct |
| 8 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 flame | case |
| 10 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 flame | amod |
| 11 | flame | flame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 mingled | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 rolled | punct |
| 13 | rolled | roll | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 mingled | parataxis |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 waves | case |
| 15 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rolled | obl:agent |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 body | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 body | nmod:poss |
| 18 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 waves | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 mingled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smell | gerund | vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | mingle | participle · passive | Sheets of ill smelling smoke | with blue flame | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with flame=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | roll | participle | waves from stream's body obl:agent | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/12/118/