The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 22
“I told you that to-day I should start after the buffalo, and now I am going.”
Who acts: I · What happens: tell, start, go · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 told | nsubj |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 told | iobj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 you | nmod:unmarked |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 day | case |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 to | punct |
| 8 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 told | obl |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 start | nsubj |
| 10 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 start | aux |
| 11 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 told | ccomp |
| 12 | after | after | ADP | _ | 14 buffalo | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 buffalo | det |
| 14 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 start | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 going | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 going | cc |
| 17 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 going | advmod |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 going | nsubj |
| 19 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 going | aux |
| 20 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 told | ccomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 going | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 going | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert in a quote | past | I | you | day | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | start in a quote | should | I | after the buffalo | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | go in a quote | present · progressive | I | now | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/12/22/