The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 51
Plover Call went to the doorway and beckoned to the young man, and when he had entered, her father and mother motioned him to a seat, and soon began to talk to him, asking many questions.
Who acts: Plover Call, man, father · What happens: go, beckon, enter, motion, begin, talk · To what, where: doorway, young man, man, many questions
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plover Call, man, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plover | plover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Call | compound |
| 2 | Call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 doorway | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 doorway | det |
| 6 | doorway | doorway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 beckoned | cc |
| 8 | beckoned | beckon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 went | conj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 man | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 man | det |
| 11 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 man | amod |
| 12 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 beckoned | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 entered | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 entered | cc |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 entered | advmod |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 entered | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 entered | aux |
| 18 | entered | enter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 went | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 motioned | punct |
| 20 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 father | nmod:poss |
| 21 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 motioned | nsubj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 mother | cc |
| 23 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 father | conj |
| 24 | motioned | motion | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 entered | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 motioned | obj |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 seat | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 seat | det |
| 28 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 motioned | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 began | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 began | cc |
| 31 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 began | advmod |
| 32 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 talk | mark |
| 34 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 began | xcomp |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 him | case |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 talk | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 asking | punct |
| 38 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 34 talk | advcl |
| 39 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 questions | amod |
| 40 | questions | question | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 asking | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Plover Call | the doorway | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to doorway=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | beckon | participle | Plover Call not said here | the young man | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to man=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | enter | past · perfect | man | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | motion | past | Call's father and mother | man | to a seat | tree rules | |||
| 5 | begin | past | Plover Call not said here | soon property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | talk | to-infinitive | Plover Call not said here | man | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 7 | ask speech: ask | gerund | Plover Call not said here | many questions | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent question=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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