The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 46
For a time he could see objects dimly, then they became mere shadows; then the light went out entirely.
Who acts: lodge, objects, light · What happens: see, become, go out · To what, where: objects, mere shadows
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lodge, objects, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 see | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 see | nsubj |
| 5 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | aux |
| 6 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | objects | object | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 see | obj |
| 8 | dimly | dimly | ADV | _ | 6 see | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 became | punct |
| 10 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 became | advmod |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 became | nsubj |
| 12 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | conj |
| 13 | mere | mere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 shadows | amod |
| 14 | shadows | shadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 became | xcomp |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 went | punct |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 went | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 light | det |
| 18 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 went | nsubj |
| 19 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | parataxis |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 went | compound:prt |
| 21 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 19 went | advmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | could | lodge | objects | time | dimly property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | become | past | objects = object | mere shadows | then | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | go out | past | the light | then | entirely property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/46/