The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 50
His wife was kind, cheering him with her constant talk and making light of their great misfortune.
Who acts: wife · What happens: be, cheer, make, talk, light · To what, where: man, light, great misfortune
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 wife | nmod:poss |
| 2 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kind | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 kind | cop |
| 4 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 cheering | punct |
| 6 | cheering | cheer | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 kind | advcl |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 cheering | obj |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 talk | case |
| 9 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 talk | nmod:poss |
| 10 | constant | constant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 talk | amod |
| 11 | talk | talk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 cheering | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 making | cc |
| 13 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 cheering | conj |
| 14 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 making | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 misfortune | case |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 misfortune | nmod:poss |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 misfortune | amod |
| 18 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 light | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 kind | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | man's wife | kind property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | cheer | gerund | man's wife not said here | man | with wife's constant talk | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | make | gerund | man's wife not said here | light of life's great misfortune | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product | ||||
| 4 | talk | wife | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | light | life's great misfortune | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/50/