The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 71
Far up on the cliff by which we are camped is a short pine-tree, growing out from the climbing rock; there, in the branches, the bird has built its home.”
Who acts: cliff, short pine tree · What happens: camp, be, grow out, build · To what, where: we, short pine tree, bird
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cliff, short pine tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 up | advmod |
| 2 | up | up | ADV | _ | 5 cliff | advmod |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 cliff | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cliff | det |
| 5 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 tree | nsubj |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 which | case |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 camped | obl |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 camped | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 camped | aux:pass |
| 10 | camped | camp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 cliff | acl:relcl |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 tree | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 tree | det |
| 13 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 tree | amod |
| 14 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 tree | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 pine | punct |
| 16 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 growing | punct |
| 18 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 tree | acl |
| 19 | out | out | ADP | _ | 18 growing | compound:prt |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 rock | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 rock | det |
| 22 | climbing | climbing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 rock | compound |
| 23 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 growing | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 there | punct |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 tree | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 branches | punct |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 branches | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 branches | det |
| 29 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 tree | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 built | punct |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 bird | det |
| 32 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 built | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 built | aux |
| 34 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 tree | conj |
| 35 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 home | nmod:poss |
| 36 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 built | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 tree | punct |
| 38 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 tree | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | camp | present · passive | the cliff | we | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme subject=Location | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the cliff | a short pine tree and the branches | the branches conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | grow out | gerund | a short pine tree and the branches not said here | from the climbing rock | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from rock=Patient | ||||
| 4 | build | present · perfect · passive | the bird | opportunity's home obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary home=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/71/